Q4:All of these are non-living things except (a) balloon (b) ant (c) thread (d) honey
Q5:Which of these reproduces by giving birth to babies?
Q6: Categorize the following into living (L), non-living (NL) and once-living (OL).
Q7: Give two examples of the following (a) Two living things ________________ ________________ (b) Two features of living things ________________ ________________ (c) Two non-living things ________________ ________________ (d) Two features of non-living things ________________ ________________
Q8: True or False (a) All animals move with legs. (b) Living things get energy from food. (c) Plants cannot breathe. (d) Plants do not move from place to place, but their body parts may move. (e) Air is necessary for living things to get energy from food.
Q9: Match the following
(a) Snakes move using their
(i) Seeds
(b) Plants reproduce with
(ii) Muscles
(c) Lifespan
(iii) Laying eggs
(d) Toy is a
(iv) A period of which an animal lives
(e) Snake reproduce by
(v) Non-living thing
Q10: Fill in the blanks
(a) Climbers such as money plants __________ upwards with the support of a stick as they grow. (b) Living things need __________ and __________ . (c) Plants can feel __________ and grow towards it. (d) Living things need to __________ air to stay alive. (e) __________ means to give birth to young ones.
Answer the following questions in brief.
Q11: What are living things? Give examples.
Q12: Name four living things which use lungs for breathing.
Q13: Why do animals move from place to place? Why is there no need for plants to move around?
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Fill in the blanks
Question 7: plant-eating, leeches, tongue, bear (a) ___________ are blood-sucking animals. (b) Herbivorous animals are ___________ animals. (c) Cats lap milk with the help of their ___________. (d) ___________ is an omnivorous animal.
Also read: Worksheet Solution: Animals: Feeding Habits
Answer the following questions
Question 8: Why do animals need food? Question 9: What is chewing the cud? Give two examples of animals which chew the cud. Question 10: Explain the eating habits of omnivorous animals. Question 11: All animals depend on plants for their food. How? Question 12: What is a food chain?
(a) Helps in movement of body organs _____________ (b) Helps in breakdown of food into simple pieces _____________ (c) Framework of bones _____________ (d) Helps circulation of digested food and oxygen in body _____________ (e) Helps in breathing _____________
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MCQs
Question 2: Which of these organs controls all other organs of the body? (a) Brain (b) Kidneys (c) Heart (d) Stomach
Question 3: The sense organ that enables us to feel hot and cold is: (a) nose (b) eyes (c) skin (d) ear
Question 4: Which system converts food into a form in which it can be absorbed by the body? (a) Circulatory (b) Breathing (c) Digestive (d) Excretory
Question 5: Which of these is not a sense organ? (a) Nerves (b) Tongue (c) Skin (d) Ears
Question 6: Which of these is not a part of the circulatory system? (a) Blood (b) Stomach (c) Blood vessels (d) Heart
Question 7: Which organ system protects the soft organs in our body? (a) Nervous (b) Skeletal (c) Digestive (d) Muscular
Also read: Worksheet Solution: Human Body: Organ Systems
Fill in the blanks
Question 8:
(a) The five sense organs in our body are _____________, _____________, _____________, _____________ and _____________ (b) The _____________ form a network of tubes which supply food and oxygen throughout the body. (c) Our facial expression are caused by _____________ . (d) Air enters the _____________ through the wind pipe. (e) Breaking down food into tiny simple pieces is called _____________ of food.
Muscles and bones together enable us to move our body parts.
A group of tissues form a cell.
We can see with our eyes without the help of the brain.
Blood continuously takes nutrients and gases to all parts of our body.
Also read: Worksheet Solution: Human Body: Organ Systems
Answer the following questions in brief.
Question 10: What gives shape to our body?
Question 11: List the organs of the nervous system and write its function.
Question 12: What is the role of excretory system in the body?
Question 13: How are the delicate organs like lungs and heart in our body protected from injury?
Question 14: Name the materials that the circulatory system takes from one place to another in the body.
Question 15: Write the correct matching number below each picture. (a) The Breathing System (b) The Circulatory System (c) The Digestive System (d) The Excretory System (e) The Nervous System
Everything around us is made of matter! The table we write on, the water we drink, and even the air we breathe are all forms of matter. Matter is anything that has weight and takes up space.
Scientists have found that matter can exist in three main forms:
Solids – like a table or a pencil, which have a fixed shape.
Liquids – like water or milk, which flow and take the shape of their container.
Gases – like air, which we cannot see but can feel when the wind blows.
Matter is made up of tiny particles called molecules. The arrangement of these molecules depends on the type of matter.
For example, the molecules in a solid are packed closely together, while in a liquid, they are more spread out. This is why different things, like water and a rock, feel and behave differently.
Three State of Matter
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1. Solids
Solid is a state of matter that has a fixedshape and volume.
In solids, molecules are closely packed. That is why solids are hard.
Solids do not change their shape when moved from one container to another container, i.e., they have a definite shape and a definite volume.
Examples of solids include everyday objects like a chair, dice, cup, book.
Also read: Printable Worksheet: Matter in Our Surroundings
2. Liquid
Liquids do not have a fixed shape. They flow easily and take the shape of the container they are in.
Liquid molecules are loosely packed. They are not as tightly packed as solids, so they can move around freely.
Liquids have a fixed volume. No matter what container you pour them into, the amount of liquid stays the same.
Examples: Water, oil, milk, and, juice.
3. Gases
Gases do not have a fixed shape, just like liquids.
Their tiny particles (molecules) are very loosely packed and move around freely.
Gases fill the container they are in and spread in all directions.
Unlike liquids, gases do not have a fixed amount (volume). They can expand or get squeezed.
Try yourself:What state of matter has a fixed shape and volume?
A.Plasma
B.Liquid
C.Gas
D.Solid
Change of States
Matter can change from one state to another.
A solid can change into a liquid when heated.
A liquid becomes a gas when heated.
A gas changes into a liquid when cooled.
When we freeze a liquid, it becomes a solid.
Example: When we heat ice (a solid), it melts into water (a liquid). If we heat the water, it changes into vapors (a gas).
Also read: Printable Worksheet: Matter in Our Surroundings
Conclusion
Matter around us can exist in three different states: solid, liquid, and gas. Each state has unique properties based on how its molecules are arranged and move. Changes in temperature can cause matter to switch from one state to another, like ice melting into water or water evaporating into vapor. Understanding these states and changes helps us see how things around us work and interact in everyday life.
Imagine you are in a very dark room. The windows and doors are all closed, and there is no light anywhere. It is so dark that you cannot see even your own hands.
Suddenly, you turn on a light switch. Instantly, everything in the room becomes clear and bright. You can see the furniture, the colors, and all the small details around you.
Light is like a superhero for your eyes. It helps you see the beauty of the world and turns darkness into color and shape. Without light, everything remains hidden, but with light, everything comes to life!
Sources of Light
A source of light is anything that gives us light so we can see things around us.
Natural Sources of Light:
Some things in nature give off light by themselves. These are called natural sources of light.
Examples:
The Sun – The biggest and brightest source of light for us!
The Stars – They twinkle in the night sky and give us light.
The Moon – It does not make its own light, but it reflects the light from the Sun.
Glowworms & Fireflies – These little insects glow in the dark!
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Artificial Sources of Light:
Some light sources are made by humans. These are called artificial sources of light.
Examples:
Electric Bulb – Lights up our rooms when it’s dark.
Candles & Lamps – We use them when there is no electricity.
Torches & Flashlights – Help us see in the dark when we go outside.
Luminous Objects:
Things that give off light are known as luminous objects.
Natural sources like the Sun, Stars, and Glowworms fall into this category.
Artificial sources such as Electric Bulbs and Candles are also considered luminous objects.
Non-Luminous Objects:
Objects that do not produce their own light are called non-luminous objects.
They rely on external light sources to become visible.
Examples include tables, books, and even the Moon (which only reflects the Sun’s light).
Need for Light Indoors:
When we’re inside a room without sunlight, we need artificial sources like electric bulbs, candles, torches, and lamps to see. These artificial sources replace the natural light and make it possible for us to see things in the dark.
Artificial Sources Created by Humans:
Artificial sources of light are inventions made by humans to brighten our surroundings.
These sources play a crucial role in providing light when natural sources are not available.
Light helps us see things, but what happens when something blocks light? That’s when shadows appear!
Try yourself:
Which of the following is a natural source of light?
A.Electric Bulb
B.Moon
C.Candle
D.Torch
Also watch: Light
Shadow
Light travels in a straight line, like a beam from a flashlight. When light shines, it goes in a clear, straight path and creates bright, thin rays.
Light travels in straight lines
When something blocks this straight path of light, a dark shape called a shadow is made. For example, if you stand in the sunlight, your body stops some of the light, and a shadow that looks like you appears on the ground.
Observing Shadows at Different Times:
Morning:
Shadows are longer in the morning.
The sun is low on the horizon, causing light to cover a greater distance before reaching the ground, resulting in longer shadows.
Afternoon:
Shadows are shorter in the afternoon.
The sun is higher in the sky, making the distance between the object and the shadow shorter.
Evening:
Similar to the morning, shadows are longer in the evening.
As the sun descends, the angle of sunlight changes, creating elongated shadows.Shadows throughout the Day
Factors Affecting Shadow Length:
The length of shadows depends on the position of the sun in the sky.
Shadows are longest when the sun is low, and shortest when the sun is high.Try yourself:Which time of day would result in the shortest shadows?
A. Afternoon
B.Morning
C.Evening
D.Shadows are the same length all day
Properties of Shadow
Playing with Shadows
Shape of the shadow is similar to the shape of the object.
The size of the shadow can be smaller or bigger than the object.
Shadows are always black in colour.
Shadow always forms on the opposite side of the source of the light.
1. Transparent Substances: Transparent substances are materials that allow light rays to pass through them clearly. Examples include glass, clear plastic sheets, and transparent water.Use of Transparent Glass: In homes, we use transparent glass in window panes to allow sunlight to enter rooms and kitchens, enabling us to see outside.
2. Translucent Substances: Translucent substances allow light to pass through them partially. Examples include frosted glass, colored plastic sheets, oiled paper, and light-coloured wet handkerchiefs.
Use of Translucent Frosted Glass: In areas like bathrooms, where we want light to enter but also desire privacy, we use translucent frosted glass in window panes.
Translucent Window Glass
3. Opaque Substances: Opaque substances do not allow light to pass through them at all. Examples are wood, rocks, and metals. Use of Opaque Substances: At night, when we switch on lights inside our homes, we use curtains made of opaque material (cloth) to cover windows, ensuring privacy by preventing outsiders from seeing inside.
Try yourself:Which type of material allows light to pass through them partially?
A.Transparent substances
B.Opaque substances
C. Translucent substances
D.Shadow
Sound
Sounds in Our Environment: Sound is all around us. We hear people talking, birds chirping, cars honking, and doorbells ringing. Even leaves create a rustling sound when the wind gently blows through them.
How We Make Sounds:
We make sounds too! When we talk, laugh, clap, or run, we create sound waves.
Pleasant Sounds:
Pleasant sounds are those that make us happy or don’t bother us.
Examples include birds chirping, someone singing, and the gentle ticking of a clock.
Unpleasant Sounds (Noise):
Unpleasant sounds are irritating and can disturb us. These sounds are also known as noise.
Examples include vehicles honking in traffic, loud music, and factory noises
Effects of Noise:
Noise can make us sick and even give us headaches.
It disturbs our peace and can be harmful to our well-being.
Force
Force is what we use when we want to move something. It’s like a magical push or pull that makes things happen.
Pushing Actions:
When you want to move something away from you, you push it.
Example: Kicking a football involves giving it a powerful push.
Pulling Actions:
When you want to bring something closer to you, you pull it.
Example: Lifting a football with your hands involves a pulling motion.
Everyday Examples:
Opening a Drawer:
You pull a drawer to open it.
You push to close it.
Sports Activities:
In cricket, you push a ball with your bat.
When picking up a book, you pull it towards yourself.
Definition of Force:
Any action of pushing or pulling on an object is called force.
It’s the invisible friend that helps us move, lift, and change the position of things.
Force in Daily Tasks:
Throughout the day, we engage in a variety of activities that involve applying force.
Whether it’s opening doors, playing sports, or handling objects, force is always at play.
Also watch: Light
Effects of Force
Force and Motion: Force can cause a change in the motion of an object.
Stationary Objects: Objects stay still until a force makes them move.
Speed and Direction: Force can change how fast something is going or the way it’s moving.
Look at the picture. Rehan is throwing the ball using force. Akash hits the ball and changes the direction of the moving ball. The ball flies and moves towards Ria. Ria catches the ball. She stops the movement of the ball.
Try yourself:
Which action involves applying force to move an object towards oneself?
A.Pushing a drawer to close it
B.Kicking a football
C.Lifting a football with your hands
D.Pulling a drawer to open it
Conclusion
In our everyday lives, light, shadows, sound, and force are all around us, helping us see, hear, and interact with the world. From the bright sunshine that makes everything visible to the sounds that fill our environment, these natural and artificial wonders make life exciting and full of learning. Understanding how things like light, force, and sound work helps us appreciate the amazing world we live in and the simple things that make it all happen. So, next time you see a shadow, hear a sound, or push or pull something, remember—you’re part of the amazing science that makes everything work!
Hello, little explorers! Have you ever wondered where we live? Not just in our house, but in a much bigger place—our Earth!
Everything around us, like trees, animals, water, air, and even the bright sun, is a part of our environment. It gives us everything we need—fresh air to breathe, water to drink, and food to eat!
But guess what? We are also a part of the environment! Humans, animals, and plants all live together, helping each other like a big team.
Environment
The place where people, animals, and plants live is called the environment.
The environment has soil, water, air, plants, animals, and other living things.
Living things like animals and plants are called biotic components.
Non-living things like air, water, soil, and sunshine are called abiotic components.
Living and non-living things need each other to survive. This is called interdependence (Helping each other to live).
Dependence of Living Components on Non-Living Components
1. Air
Air is all around us.
It has oxygen, which we need to breathe.
Air also contains carbon dioxide, which plants use.
We get air through our nose and lungs.
Air helps both humans and plants live and grow.
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2. Water
Water is important for both plants and animals.
Animals drink water.
Plants absorb minerals and water through their roots.
They also need water to prepare food.
Our body is made up of 70% water.
Blood, a flowing liquid present in our body is also made up of nearly 90% water.
3. Soil
Plants need soil to grow.
Plants get water and minerals from the soil.
Soil also provides them support.
Soil provides shelter to animals such as rabbits, ants, earthworms and centipedes.
Also read: Flashcards: Our Environment
4. Heat and Light
Plants need the energy from the sun to make food.
Sunlight also provides warmth for the survival of plants and animals.
There would be no food or oxygen in the air if there was no sunlight.
The heat from the sun keeps the Earth warm.
Try yourself:Which component of the environment do plants use to make food?
A.Air
B.Water
C.Soil
D.Sunlight
Interdependence Between Living Components of Environment
In nature, all living things are connected, and they depend on each other for survival. This interdependence helps maintain balance in the environment. Some ways in which living things depend on each other are as follows:
1. Animals (including humans) Depend on Plants
Animals need plants for food, oxygen, and shelter.
Goats, cows, and deer eat plants for food.
Lions and tigers eat other animals, so they also depend on plants indirectly.
Plants need carbon dioxide from animals, which they release while breathing.
Animal waste and dead bodies make the soil rich in nutrients, helping plants grow.
Birds and squirrels eat fruits and drop seeds, helping new plants grow.
Insects and birds drink nectar from flowers and help plants produce fruits.
Let’s Learn About Pollution
We just learned how important the environment is and how everything in nature is connected.
But sometimes, people do things that hurt the environment.
When the air, water, or land gets dirty and harmful, it is called pollution.
Pollution makes it hard for people, animals, and plants to stay healthy. Let’s look at some of the things that cause pollution.
Also read: Flashcards: Our Environment
Causes of Environment Pollution
Cutting trees or deforestation is one of the reasons responsible for polluting the environment.
Burning fossil fuels such as petrol or diesel pollutes the environment.
Throwing garbage here and there also pollutes the environment.
Using plastic bags cause serious health hazards.
Disposing chemical wastes in the rivers, pollutes the water bodies and thus causes serious threat to the environment.
Conclusion
Our Earth is like a big home, and everything we need to live—air, water, soil, and sunlight—comes from it. But if we don’t take care of the Earth, it can get hurt, and so can we.
But if we cut down trees, pollute water, or waste resources, the Earth can get hurt.
So, what can we do?
Save water – Don’t waste it.
Plant trees – They give us fresh air.
Keep the Earth clean – Throw garbage in the bin.
Use less plastic – It harms nature.
If we all take care of the Earth, it will stay happy and healthy for the future!
Try yourself:
Which of the following is a way in which plants depend on animals?
The solar system is a group of different objects that move around in space.
These objects include Sun, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, and more.
The Sun is at the center, and its gravity keeps everything in the solar system together, like a family.
Asteroids are small pieces of rock floating in space.
Comets are icy objects that can have long, shining tails when they come close to the Sun.
The solar system is just one part of the Milky Way Galaxy, which is like a giant group of stars, planets, and other objects.
There are many other galaxies in the universe, all with their own stars and planets!
Sun
It is about 100 times bigger than Earth.
The Sun appears larger because it is closer to Earth than any other star.
It is extremely hot due to the continuous burning of gases occurring within it.
The Sun provides heat and light to all planets in the solar system.
Light from the Sun takes approximately 8 minutes to reach Earth.
From Earth, the Sun looks yellow.
Without the Sun, life on Earth would not be possible. It plays a vital role in maintaining Earth’s temperature and environment. We should never look directly at the Sun because its strong light can hurt our eyes.
Importance of sun in our life
It gives light.
It helps plants make food.
It is an important part of water cycle.
It gives us vitamin D.
It kills germs and dries our clothes.
It is the ultimate source of energy.
It warms the atmosphere.
Try yourself:What is the main source of heat and light in our solar system?
A.Asteroids
B.Moons
C.Sun
D.Comets
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Mercury
The closest planet to the sun is Mercury. It has rocky surface with large holes called craters. These craters were made by fast moving rocks hitting the planets from the space.
When we look at Mercury from earth, these craters looks like dark spot. Mercury has no atmosphere.
Life is not possible on Mercury because it is either too hot or too cold. Mercury has no moon.
Venus
Venus is the second planet from the sun. It is almost as big as earth. It has thicker atmosphere compared to earth.
The Sun’s rays passes through the thick clouds and warms the planet’s surface but the cloud stop the heat from escaping which makes the planet very hot.
Venus is the hottest planet in the solar system, making life impossible there. Venus also rotates in the opposite direction as almost all the other planets.
Instead of the Sun rising in the east and setting in the west, the Sun on Venus would appear to rise in the west and set in the east. Venus has no moons.
Earth
The earth is at the right distance from the sun and has right mixture of air, heat and water which makes life possible on earth.
It is the only planet where life is known to exist. Earth is 7926 miles in size. About 70% of the earth is covered with water and 30% with land. Earth has one moon.
The Moon is a natural satellite. Scientists have sent many man made satellite which revolve around the earth.
These satellites help capture important information about Earth, such as weather forecasting, and assist in the transmission of radio and television programs.
Existence of life on earth makes it unique planet in the solar system.
Try yourself:Which planet is the closest to the sun in the solar system?
A.Mercury
B.Venus
C.Earth
D.Mars
Also read: Infographics: Solar System
Mars
Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and is called the “Red Planet” because its surface looks red. It is very cold and has two small moons. Mars also has the largest volcano in the solar system.
It is a rocky planet.
Its surface is covered with red dust and hence called red planet.
Jupiter
Jupiter is the biggest planet in the solar system. It is the fifth planet from the sun. It is made mostly of gases and does not have solid surface.
There is huge storm that has been raging for thousands of years and hence it is referred as stormy planet.
Various cloud formations and storms in its atmosphere make Jupiter a colorful planet. It has a big red spot where storm raging for at least 300 years.
This red spot is also called “The Eye of Jupiter”. Jupiter is also a cold planet. It has more than 60 moons moving around it.
Saturn is the second largest planet in the solar system. It is sixth planet from the sun. It is made mostly of gases.
It has millions of pieces of rock and ice moving around it. These look like solid rings. Jupiter, Uranus and Neptune also have rings.
From far away, these look like solid rings. It has 62 moons.
Try yourself:Which planet is referred to as the “red planet”?
A.Mars
B.Jupiter
C.Saturn
D.Venus
Uranus
Uranus is the seventh planet from the sun. Uranus is a gas giant. Uranus spins differently. It spins on its side.
It is an extremely cold planet and hence been called the “ice giant”. It has faint rings around it which made of millions of specks of dust. It has 27 moons.
Neptune
Neptune is the eighth planet from the Sun and is a very cold planet. It looks blue because of the storms in its atmosphere. Neptune has 14 moons and strong winds that make it one of the windiest planets.
Neptune is the eighth planet from the sun.
It is very cold planet like Uranus.
There is a dark blue storm swirling on Neptune which makes it look blue in color.
It has 14 moons.
Also read: Infographics: Solar System
Dwarf Planet
Pluto used to be considered the ninth planet in our solar system, but now scientists call it a “dwarf planet.”
It’s smaller than the other planets, and it’s really far away from the Sun. It’s way out past Neptune.
Some people still think of Pluto as the ninth planet because it was considered one for a long time, but scientists changed their minds about it.
Conclusion
The solar system is an amazing place filled with planets, moons, and many other objects all moving around the Sun. Each planet has its own special features that make it unique. Earth is the only planet where life exists, thanks to the perfect balance of air, water, and sunlight. The Sun is our main source of light and energy, helping life to thrive on Earth. Even though the other planets are different, they all play an important part in our solar system. Exploring the planets and learning more about them helps us understand the universe better and reminds us how lucky we are to live on Earth!
Have you ever stepped outside and felt the warm sun on your face or heard raindrops tapping on your window? Weather is what’s happening in the air around us at any moment. It can be hot or cold, sunny or rainy, windy or calm.
Weather changes every day. One morning might be bright and warm, while the next could be cloudy and cool. But what makes the weather change?
Let’s begin and discover the fascinating world of weather.
Weather
Weather is how the air around us feels at a certain time and place. It tells us if it is sunny, rainy, windy, or snowy outside. Many things affect the weather, such as:
The Sun: It heats the Earth, changing how warm or cold it feels.
Air Movement: Moving air can make the weather cooler or warmer.
Temperature and Pressure: These changes bring different weather types.
Weather can also change with the different seasons.
Types of Weather
Sunny: Clear skies with bright sunlight, making it warm.
Cloudy: Lots of clouds in the sky, making it cool and grey.
Rainy: Water falls from the sky as raindrops, making everything wet.
Snowy: Snowflakes fall from the sky, covering the ground in white.
Stormy: Strong winds, heavy rain, thunder, and lightning make the weather wild.
Each weather type brings its own special feel!
Try yourself:What is weather?
A.Weather is what’s happening in the atmosphere at a particular time and place.
B.The atmospheric conditions including sunny, rainy, windy, or snowy.
C.The process of precipitation falling from the sky.
D.The intense weather conditions with strong winds, heavy rain, thunder, and lightning.
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Factors Affecting Weather
Weather is shaped by many factors, including:
The Sun: The sun’s heat creates warm and cool areas, changing the weather.
Air Pressure: When air is heavy (high pressure), the weather is clear. When air is light (low pressure), we get clouds and rain.
Temperature: Warm air goes up, and cool air comes down. This movement changes the weather.
Humidity (Moisture in the Air): More moisture means clouds and rain. Less moisture means dry weather.
Wind: Wind moves heat and moisture, changing the weather in different places.
Mountains and Land: High mountains block wind and rain, changing local weather.
Oceans and Seas: Oceans carry warm or cool water, which affects nearby places.
Seasons: The Earth tilts and moves around the sun, creating different seasons.
These things work together to make the weather we see every day!
Try yourself:
What is the primary source of heat for Earth?
A.Wind
B.Sun
C.Temperature
D.Humidity
Weather Affects Our Ways of Living
Clothing: We wear light clothes in summer and warm clothes in winter.
Activities: We play outside in summer but stay warm indoors in winter.
Bathing: We take more showers in summer and fewer in winter.
Homes: Houses in rainy places have sloping roofs so water can run off.
Farming: Rice grows in rainy areas, while wheat grows in dry places.
Animals: Some animals sleep all winter (hibernate) or move to warmer places (migrate).
Plants: Weather decides when flowers bloom and crops grow.
Weather shapes how we live every day!
Water Cycle In Nature
The water cycle happens in nature through the following steps:
The Sun heats up water in lakes, rivers, seas, and oceans, turning it into steam (water vapour).
The water vapour rises into the sky.
As it moves up, the vapour meets cool air.
The water vapour cools down and turns into tiny droplets, forming clouds.
When the clouds get too heavy and can’t hold the water, it fallsas rain.
The rain fills up lakes, rivers, seas, and oceans, and the cycle starts again.
This is how water moves around our planet, constantly changing forms!
Try yourself:
How does weather affect our clothing choices?
A.It influences the type of fabric we choose.
B.It determines the color of our clothes.
C.It affects the style of our clothing.
D.It has no impact on our clothing choices.
Also read: Worksheet: Weather and Seasons
Seasons
Seasons are different times of the year, each with its own weather, temperature, daylight, and nature. There are five main seasons:
1.Spring:
The weather gets warmer.
Days get longer as the sun rises earlier and sets later.
We enjoy spending time outside, with flowers blooming and more daylight.
Rain showers are common, so we may need an umbrella.
Baby animals are born, and birds start building nests.
Days are long, with the sun rising early and setting late.
People enjoy spending time outdoors, swimming, playing, and soaking up the sun.
We protect ourselves from the heat by using sunscreen and staying hydrated.
Wearing light clothes and hats helps keep us cool.
Ice cream and cold drinks are the perfect treats to stay refreshed!
3. Autumn (Fall):
The days get cooler.
The days get shorter, with the sun rising later and setting earlier.
Trees change color, and leaves fall.
We wear more clothes to stay warm.
We harvest fruits like apples and pumpkins.
We get ready for winter by raking leaves and storing firewood.
Try yourself:
What is the characteristic of spring?
A.The days are very hot.
B.The days are getting longer.
C.The days are getting cooler.
D.The days are short.
4. Winter:
The days are very cold.
The days are short because the sun rises late and sets early.
We spend more time inside, keeping warm with blankets and hot cocoa.
We wear thick coats, hats, and gloves when we go outside.
Sometimes it snows, and we can build snowmen and go sledding.
We celebrate holidays like Christmas and Hanukkah with family and friends.
Also read: Worksheet: Weather and Seasons
5. Monsoon
It is also called the rainy season because it rains in almost every part of India.
Monsoon helps farmers grow crops.
Winds blow, and the clouds turn dark and grey.
Some areas get flooded due to heavy rain, causing damage to crops and homes.
People use umbrellas and raincoats to protect themselves from the rain.
Conclusion
Weather is a big part of our daily lives. It changes how we dress, what we do, and even how plants and animals live. Seasons bring different types of weather, and the water cycle keeps nature balanced. Whether it’s a hot summer day or a rainy monsoon afternoon, the weather makes the world exciting!
Have you ever felt the wind on your face while playing outside or seen steam rise from a cup of hot tea? Air and water are all around us, even if we cannot always see them. They are very important because they help us live, grow, and do many daily activities.
Let’s dive in and learn more about these amazing natural resources!
Air
Air is everywhere around us, but we cannot see it. However, we can feel it when it moves. Air is very important because it helps us breathe and keeps us alive!
Wind and Air Movement
When air moves, we call it wind.
If the wind blows gently, it is called a breeze.
Sometimes, the wind blows very fast and strong. When it comes with rain and thunder, it causes storms.
Storms can be dangerous. They can break trees and damage houses.
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What Does Air Contain?
Air is made up of different gases.
In addition to these gases, air also contains water vapour and tiny dust particles.
Sometimes, air can also have smoke and germs mixed in it.
Gases
Air is a mixture of gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and other gases.
Oxygen – All living things need oxygen to breathe.
Carbon Dioxide – Plants use it to make food.
Nitrogen – Helps plants grow.
Water Vapour
The sun heats up water and turns it into water vapour, which mixes with air.
This vapour gets mixed with the air around.
Also watch: Air and Water
Dust particles
If you carefully observe a beam of light entering a dark room, you will see small particles floating in the light.
These are dust particles. Thus, air also contains dust particles.
Smoke and germs
When we burn something, it gives out smoke.
Vehicles also produce smoke, which mixes with the air.
When we sneeze or cough, tiny germs spread into the air.
This makes the air impure and can cause health problems.
That’s why keeping the air clean is important for a healthy life.
Try yourself:Which gas is important for the growth of plants?
A.Carbon Dioxide
B.Oxygen
C.Nitrogen
D.Hydrogen
Uses of Air
All living things need air to breathe.
Plants use air to make food.
Fire needs air to burn. Without air, things cannot burn.
Air is used to fill tyres and balloons.
Birds can fly because air lifts them.
Kites fly in the sky with the help of air.
Ships and boats move because the wind pushes them.
Windmills use air to pump water and make electricity.
Did you know that most of the Earth is covered with water? That’s why it looks blue from space! Water is essential for all living things.
Around 71% of the earth’s surface is covered with water. Due to the presence of water, the Earth looks blue from the space. It is due to this reason that the Earth is often referred to as the blue planet.
Sources Of Water
The main sources of water are:
Rain is a major source of water.
It helps fill oceans, seas, lakes, and ponds.
Water in these places is called surface water.
Ice from glaciers melts and adds water to rivers and seas.
Water is also found deep under the ground.
We can get underground water using wells and tube wells.
Many foods contain water, like milk, watermelon, cucumber, tomatoes, and potatoes.
Even our body has a large amount of water.
Sources of Water in Different States
Things around us can be found in three forms or states. They are solid, liquid, and gas. Water in a substance that can be found in all three states.
Water in Liquid State: Oceans, seas, rivers, lakes, ponds, and streams are sources of liquid water. The water we drink is also in liquid form. Liquids can flow.
Water in Solid State: Glaciers in cold regions, like the Himalayas, contain solid water. Ice cubes in a refrigerator are also solid. We can hold solid water in our hands.
Water in Gaseous State: Water vapour is present in the air. The steam from boiling water or cooking food is in a gaseous state. Gases spread in the air.
Try yourself:
Which of the following is a source of water in its solid state?
A.Oceans
B.Glaciers
C.Rivers
D.Lakes
Also watch: Air and Water
Uses of water
All living things need water to survive. We can live without food for a few days, but not without water.
Plants need water to grow. Without water, they dry up and die.
Water is home to many animals. Fish, whales, crabs, and other water animals live in water and breathe oxygen from it.
We need water to stay clean. We use water for bathing and washing our hands.
Water helps us clean things. We use it to wash clothes, cars, and houses.
Farmers need water to grow crops. Without water, plants cannot grow.
We need water for cooking. It is used to prepare food.
Flowing water creates electricity. Dams and turbines use water to generate power.
Factories use water to make many things. Water is important in making paper, clothes, and other products.
Saving Water
Clean water is limited, so we must use it wisely. Here’s how we can save water:
Turn off the tap while brushing your teeth.
Use a bucket instead of a shower for bathing.
Fix leaking taps to stop wasting water.
Collect rainwater to use for plants.
If we waste water today, we may not have enough in the future!
Conclusion
Air and water are the most important things for life on Earth. We cannot see air, but we feel it around us. It helps us breathe, fly kites, and even make electricity. Water is everywhere—rivers, lakes, and even in the air as vapor. We drink it, use it for farming, and need it for daily life. To keep our planet safe, we must keep the air clean and save water. Even small actions—like turning off taps and reducing pollution—can make a big difference. Let’s take care of air and water because they take care of us!
Light travels in straight lines
Shadows throughout the Day
Playing with Shadows
Translucent Window Glass
